Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)Loading...Apparent sadnessNo sadness0Worsening symptoms+1Looks dispirited but brightens up without difficulty+2Worsening symptoms+3Appears sad and unhappy most of the time+4Worsening symptoms+5Looks miserable all the time; extremely despondent+6Reported sadnessOccasional sadness0Worsening symptoms+1Sad or low but brightens up without difficulty+2Worsening symptoms+3Pervasive feelings of sadness or gloominess; mod still influenced by external circumstances+4Worsening symptoms+5Continuous or unvarying sadness or gloominess; mood still influenced by external circumstances+6Inner tensionPlacid; only fleeting inner tension0Worsening symptoms+1Occasional feelings of edginess and ill-defined discomfort+2Worsening symptoms+3Continuous feelings of inner tension or intermittent panic which the patient can only master with some difficulty+4Worsening symptoms+5Unrelenting dread or anguish; overwhelming panic+6Reduced sleepSleeps as normal0Worsening symptoms+1Slight difficulty dropping off to sleep, or slightly reduced, light or fitful sleep+2Worsening symptoms+3Sleep reduced or broken by at least 2 hours+4Worsening symptoms+5< 2-3 hours of sleep+6Reduced appetiteNormal or increased appetite0Worsening symptoms+1Slightly reduced appetite+2Worsening symptoms+3No appetite; food is tasteless+4Worsening symptoms+5Needs persuasion to eat+6Concentration difficultyNo difficulties in concentration0Worsening symptoms+1Occasional difficulties in collecting one's thoughts+2Worsening symptoms+3Difficulties in concentrating and sustaining thought which reduces ability to read or hold a conversation+4Worsening symptoms+5Unable to read or converse without great initiative+6LassitudeHardly any difficulty getting started in daily activity; no sluggishness0Worsening symptoms+1Difficulty in starting activities+2Worsening symptoms+3Difficulty starting simple routine activities, which are carried out with effort+4Worsening symptoms+5Complete lassitude; unable to do anything without help+6Inability to feelNormal interest in surroundings/other people0Worsening symptoms+1Reduced ability to enjoy usual interests+2Worsening symptoms+3Loss of interests in surroundings; loss of feelings for friends acquaintances+4Worsening symptoms+5Emotionally paralyzed, unable to feel anger, grief or pleasure; complete failure to feel for close relative and friends+6Pessimistic thoughtsNo pessimistic thoughts0Worsening symptoms+1Fluctuating ideas of failure, self reproach or self depreciation+2Worsening symptoms+3Persistent self accusations or definite but still rational ideas of guilt; increasingly pessimistic about the future+4Worsening symptoms+5Delusions of ruin, remorse or irredeemable sin; absurd and unshakable self accusations+6Suicidal thoughtsEnjoys life0Worsening symptoms+1Weary of life; only fleeting suicidal thoughts+2Worsening symptoms+3Feels better off dead; suicidal thoughts common and considered as possible solution but no specific plans/intention+4Worsening symptoms+5Explicit plans for suicide; active preparation+6适用指征洞见与注意事项