Noninvasive Ventilation Outcomes (NIVO) ScoreLoading...Chest radiograph consolidationNo0Yes+1GCS150≤ 14+1AFibNo0Yes+1pH≥ 7.250< 7.25+1Time to acidemia≤ 12 h0> 12 h+2Extended MRC dyspnea scale (eMRCD)Not too dyspneic to leave house (eMRCD 1-4)0Too dyspneic to leave house but independent with washing/dressing (eMRCD 5a)+2Too dyspneic to leave house and wash/dress (eMRCD 5b)+3适用指征洞见与注意事项